Endocrinas: Tiroide

TIROIDE

Informaçao especializada

Directorios

http://thyroid.about.com/

http://www.netwellness.com/healthtopics/thyroid/

http://www.medicinenet.com/thyroid/focus.htm

Textos

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/endocrinologie/thyroide1.asp

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK28/

http://www.tiroides.net/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid

http://www.lumen.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/medicine/endonew/thyroid/thyroid.htm

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0072572/

http://www.lightoflifefoundation.org/About-Thyroid-Cancer/About-the-Thyroid-Gland

Anatomia da tiroide

http://fitsweb.uchc.edu/student/selectives/Luzietti/Thyroid_anatomy.htm

http://reference.medscape.com/article/835535-overview

http://teachmeanatomy.info/neck/viscera/the-thyroid-gland/

Fig 1.1 - Vasculature of the thyroid gland. The inferior thyroid artery is not visible from this anterior view.

http://www.innerbody.com/image/endo04.html

https://www.boundless.com/physiology/textbooks/boundless-anatomy-and-physiology-textbook/the-endocrine-system-16/the-thyroid-gland-156/overview-of-the-thyroid-gland-788-10091/

Bioquimica das hormonas tiroideias

http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/thyroid/chem.html

http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/thyroid/synthesis.html

http://dossier.univ-st-etienne.fr/lbti/www/Mednucl/AtlasEnd/thyroide/athanat.htm

http://phm.utoronto.ca/~jeffh/phmunit11bb.pdf

http://pathwaymedicine.org/thyroid-hormone-synthesis

http://www.slideshare.net/mprasadnaidu/thyroid-hormones-32910296

http://www.progressivemedicalcenter.com/thyroid-function-the-biochemistry-within/?lang=en

http://www.comed.uobaghdad.edu.iq/uploads/Lectures/Biochemistry/biochemistry%202012-2013/dr.%20hadaf/5Hormones%20of%20thyroid%202013.pdf

Fisiologia da tiroide

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/endocrinologie/thyroide1.asp

http://dossier.univ-st-etienne.fr/lbti/www/Mednucl/AtlasEnd/thyroide/athanat.htm

http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/thyroid/calcitonin.html

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/532173_3

http://www.ohlonecenter.org/research-papers/the-thyroid-gland-anatomy-physiology/

Foliculos tiroideus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follicular_cell

https://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcb135e/thyroid.html

Receptores da hormona tiroideia

http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/thyroid/receptors.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_hormone_receptor

http://www.omim.org/entry/190160

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR001728

Informaçao especializada

Bócio

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goitre

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120034-overview

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/goiter/basics/definition/con-20021266?UPDATEAPP=false

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001178.htm

http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Goitre/Pages/Introduction.aspx

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/167559.php

http://patient.info/health/goitre-thyroid-swelling

http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Goitre

http://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine_conditions/goitre.aspx

Bocio multinodular

http://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine_conditions/multinodular_goitre.aspx

http://endocrinediseases.org/thyroid/goiter.shtml

http://www.thyroidmanager.org/chapter/multinodular-goiter/

Figure 17-3: Mild iodine deficiency associated or not with smoking, presence of natural goitrogenic, drugs, familial goiter, genetic markers and gender (women) will decrease the inhibition of serum T4 on the pituitary thyrotrophs. Increased TSH production will cause Diffuse goiter followed by nodule formation. Finally, after decades of life, a large multinodular goiter is present with cystic areas, hemorrhage, fibrosis and calcium deposits.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_multinodular_goitre

http://www.thyroid.org/patient-thyroid-information/ct-for-patients/vol-6-issue-11/vol-6-issue-11-p-6-7/

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/multinodular-goitre

Cancros da tiroideia

Directorios

http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/thyroid-cancer/

Textos

http://www.caducee.net/DossierSpecialises/cancerologie/cancer-thyroide.asp

http://www.medicinenet.com/thyroid_cancer/article.htm

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/thyroid-cancer/thyroid-cancer

http://www.cancer.gov/types/thyroid

http://www.oncolink.org/types/article.cfm?c=20&s=65&ss=513&id=10

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thyroid-cancer/basics/definition/con-20043551

http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cancer-of-the-thyroid/Pages/Introduction.aspx

Classificaçao dos cancros da tiroide

http://www.lww.com/opencms/opencms/PEMR/content/WCA335/NikiforovCh7.pdf

http://ajcp.ascpjournals.org/content/132/5/658.full.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/1988/3540192441_eng.pdf

http://www.utmb.edu/otoref/grnds/thyroid-ca-021204/thyroid-ca-021204-slides.pdf

http://www.jscimedcentral.com/Pathology/pathology-3-1045.pdf

Estadios

http://www.cancer.org/cancer/thyroidcancer/detailedguide/thyroid-cancer-staging

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2006643-overview

http://www.thyca.org/about/types/

http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/thyroid-cancer/treatment/the-stages-of-thyroid-cancer

· T1a – the tumour is entirely inside the thyroid and is less than 1cm across in any direction

· T1b – the tumour is entirely inside the thyroid and is more than 1 cm but no more than 2cm across in any direction

· T2 – the tumour is entirely inside the thyroid and is more than 2cm but no more than 4cm across in any direct

· T3 – the tumour is more than 4cm across or it has begun to grow into tissues close to the thyroid

· T4a – the cancer has grown outside the covering of the thyroid gland into nearby soft tissue, such as the voice box (larynx), windpipe (trachea), food pipe (oesophagus) or the voice box nerve (recurrent laryngeal nerve). T4a thyroid cancer is called moderately advanced thyroid cancer.

· T4b – the cancer has grown outside the thyroid gland into the area surrounding the bones of the spine, or one of the main blood vessels in the neck area. T4b thyroid cancer is called very advanced thyroid cancer.

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2006643-overview~

Cancro anaplastico

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/thyroid-cancer/thyroid-cancer-anaplastic-cancer

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000352.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/283165-overview

Algorithm for the management of a solitary thyroid

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaplastic_thyroid_cancer

http://endocrinediseases.org/thyroid/cancer_anaplastic.shtml

http://www.uptodate.com/contents/anaplastic-thyroid-cancer

Carcinoma medular da tiroide

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/thyroid-cancer/thyroid-cancer-medullary-cancer

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000374.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medullary_thyroid_cancer

http://www.omim.org/entry/155240

http://theoncologist.alphamedpress.org/content/13/5/539.full

Carcinoma de celulas de Hurthle

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hurthle-cell-cancer/basics/definition/con-20025920

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/279462-overview

A monomorphous cell population of Hürthle cells ar

http://www.wjso.com/content/2/1/27

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/thyroid-cancer/hurthle-cell-thyroid-tumor

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/279462-overview

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3228061/

http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancers-in-general/cancer-questions/how-is-hurthle-cell-thyroid-cancer-different-to-other-types-of-thyroid-cancer

Carcinoma papilar

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/849000-overview

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000331.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/282276-overview

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papillary_thyroid_cancer

Cirurgia da tiroide

http://teccir.blogspot.pt/2014/11/cirurgia.html

Crise tireotoxica

http://patient.info/doctor/hyperthyroid-crisis-thyrotoxic-storm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/925147-overview

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/thyroid_storm/article_em.htm

http://www.lumen.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/medicine/endonew/hyperthy/hyperthy.htm

http://www.healthline.com/health/thyroid-storm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000400.htm

http://www.uptodate.com/contents/thyroid-storm

Ver tambem hipertiroidsmo

Crise tireotoxica após tiroidectomia

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/850924-overview

http://www.drugs.com/answers/hypothyroidism-after-thyroid-removal-28yrs-second-544251.html

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3475282/

Defeito do transporte das hormonas tiroideias

http://www.omim.org/entry/188560

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26373/

http://www.thyroidmanager.org/wp-content/uploads/chapters/thyroid-hormone-resistance-syndromes.pdf

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/t/thyroid_hormone_plasma_membrane_transport_defect/intro.htm

Deficiencia em iodo

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodine_deficiency

http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/symptoms-of-iodine-deficiency/

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/122714-overview

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3074887/

http://www.laurapower.com/page26.html

http://www.lifeextension.com/magazine/2011/10/the-silent-epidemic-of-iodine-deficiency/page-01

http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/idd/en/

Doença autoimune da tiroide

Ver Hashimoto

Doença de Grave

http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/Immunology/Students/Spring2003/Breedlove/GravesDisease.html

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/graves-disease/basics/definition/con-20025811?FLUSHCACHE=0

http://www.thedoctorsdoctor.com/diseases/pretibial_myxedema.htm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000358.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/graves_disease/article.htm

Picture of symptoms of graves disease

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/graves-disease/graves-disease-overview

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graves%27_disease

http://www.thyroid.org/wp-content/uploads/patients/brochures/Graves_brochure.pdf

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/767130-overview

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/170005.php

http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Thyroid_disorders_hyperthyroidism

Doenças da tiroide e diabetes

http://journal.diabetes.org/clinicaldiabetes/v18n12000/pg38.htm

http://spectrum.diabetesjournals.org/content/15/3/143.full

http://www.healthline.com/diabetesmine/the-411-on-diabetes-thyroid-disease#2

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3647563/

http://consumer.healthday.com/diabetes-information-10/demographic-diabetes-news-177/people-with-type-1-diabetes-at-risk-of-thyroid-disease-671104.html

http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jtr/2011/439463/

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/727447

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/745282

Doenças da tiroide e gravidez

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/thyroid/thyroid-problems-pregnancy

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/pregnancy-and-thyroid-disease/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx

http://www.medicinenet.com/hypothyroidism_during_pregnancy/article.htm

http://www.thyroid.org/thyroid-disease-and-pregnancy/

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/261913-overview

http://www.healthline.com/health-news/children-thyroid-conditions-raise-pregnancy-risks-052913#2

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_disease_in_pregnancy

http://patient.info/doctor/thyroid-disease-in-pregnancy

Exame clinico da tiroide

http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec1701/index.htm

http://www.esculape.com/endocrino/thyroidepieges.html

http://depts.washington.edu/physdx/thyroid/index.html

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK244/

http://stanfordmedicine25.stanford.edu/the25/thyroid.html

http://www.osceskills.com/e-learning/subjects/thyroid-examination/

http://geekymedics.com/2010/10/08/thyroid-status-examination/

http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/simplepage.cfm?ID=678101007

Hashimoto

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashimoto%27s_thyroiditis

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hashimotos-disease/basics/definition/con-20030293

http://thyroid.about.com/cs/hashimotos/a/encephalopathy.htm

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/medical/hashimoto_s_syndrome.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/hashimotos_thyroiditis/article.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120937-overview

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000371.htm

Hashimoto's disease (chronic thyroiditis)

http://autoimmune.pathology.jhmi.edu/diseases.cfm?systemID=3&DiseaseID=22

http://www.raysahelian.com/hashimotosthyroiditis.html

http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/radiographics.21.4.g01jl17957

Hipertiroidismo

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperthyroidism/basics/definition/con-20020986?FLUSHCACHE=0

http://www.medicinenet.com/hyperthyroidism/article.htm

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/hyperthyroidism/hyperthyroidism-overview-overactive-thyroid

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/thyroid-disorders/hyperthyroidism

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthyroidism

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000356.htm

http://www.medicinenet.com/hyperthyroidism/article.htm

http://www.healthline.com/health/hyperthyroidism#ReadThisNext8

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/121865-overview

Hipotiroidismo

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypothyroidism/basics/definition/con-20021179?FLUSHCACHE=0

http://www.medicinenet.com/hypothyroidism/article.htm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000353.htm

Hypothyroidism

http://umm.edu/health/medical/reports/articles/hypothyroidism

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/122393-overview

The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Levels of

http://www.aafp.org/afp/2001/1115/p1717.html

http://www.lumen.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/medicine/endonew/thyrndl/thyrdndl.htm

http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Thyroid-over-active/Pages/Causes.aspx

Hipotiroidismo congenito

http://omim.org/entry/218700

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_hypothyroidism

3 month old infant with untreated CH; picture demonstrates hypotonic posture, myxedematous facies, macroglossia, and umbilical hernia

Close up of face, showing myxedematous facies, macroglossia, and skin mottling^

http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/congenital-hypothyroidism

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001193.htm

http://www.pediatriconcall.com/Journal/Article/FullText.aspx?
artid=687&type=J&tid=&imgid=&reportid=215&tbltype=

Hipotiroidismo na gravidez

http://www.medicinenet.com/hypothyroidism_during_pregnancy/article.htm

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/pregnancy-and-thyroid-disease/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx

http://www.drugs.com/cg/hypothyroidism-in-pregnancy.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_disease_in_pregnancy

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/thyroid_problems/page2_em.htm

Linfomas da tiroide

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/281983-overview

http://endocrinediseases.org/thyroid/cancer_ptl.shtml

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_lymphoma

Stage	Characteristics
1Е	Lymphoma is located within the thyroid
2Е	Lymphoma is located within the thyroid and regional lymph-nodes
3Е	Lymphoma is located at both sides of diaphragm
4Е	Dissemination of lymphoma

http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jtr/2013/269034/

http://www.uptodate.com/contents/thyroid-lymphoma

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/thyroid-lymphoma

http://press.endocrine.org/doi/full/10.1210/jcem.87.1.8156

Miopatia tireotoxica

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyrotoxic_myopathy

http://www.medlink.com/medlinkcontent.asp

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3807010/

http://ic.steadyhealth.com/symptoms-and-diagnosis-of-thyrotoxic-myopathy

Mutaçoes nos receptores da TSH

https://www.orpha.net/data/patho/GB/uk-familial-hyperthyroidism-TSH.pdf

http://www.thyroidmanager.org/chapter/tsh-receptor-mutations-and-diseases/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyrotropin_receptor

http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/27838.pdf

http://www.ijponline.net/content/39/1/5

Nodulos da tiroide

http://www.medicinenet.com/thyroid_nodules/article.htm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007265.htm

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/thyroid_nodules/article_em.htm

http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/medicine/endonew/thyrndl/slide1.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/127491-overview

A 12-year-old patient with an asymptomatic, palpab

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/thyroid/thyroid-nodules

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thyroid-nodules/basics/definition/con-20021546

http://www.thyroid.org/wp-content/uploads/patients/brochures/Nodules_brochure.pdf

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007265.htm

http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_Thyroid_Nodules

Oftalmopatias tiroideias

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1218444-overview

Long-standing thyroid ophthalmopathy with typical features of lid retraction (upper and lower) and scleral show with proptosis. This patient's chief complaint was binocular vertical diplopia. A small right hypotropia was observed on alternate cover testing.

http://www.chups.jussieu.fr/polys/ophtalmo/POLY.Chp.18.html

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/thyroid-associated-orbitopathy

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3339094/

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