terça-feira, 28 de julho de 2015

Hipofise


HIPOFISE

Informaçoes gerais
Directorios




Textos




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the pituitary 


Lobo posterior da hipofise


 Pituitary gland representation.PNG





Fisiologia da hipofise


























 



Hormonas da hipofise



Hormone released
Main target
Function
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
Adrenal glands
Stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. Cortisol is important in controlling your metabolism, blood sugar levels and blood pressure. It is also an anti-inflammatory agent, and helps your body to resist certain stresses such as bleeding or fasting.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Ovaries (women)

Testes (men)
Stimulates the ovaries to produce an ovum (egg) for fertilisation. Also causes an increase in the hormone oestrogen.

Stimulates the testes to produce sperm.
Growth hormone (GH)
Many different cells of the body
The most well-known effect in children is to increase height. In adults and children it helps to control the amount of muscle and fat in the body. It also helps to heal injuries and it promotes your immune system.
Luteinising hormone (LH)
Ovaries (women)

Testes (men)
Triggers ovulation - the release of what will become an ovum (egg) ready for fertilisation.

Stimulates cells in the testes to produce testosterone
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
Brain?
The exact role in humans is unknown. It may influence brain activity; when too much is present, it may cause darkening of the skin.
Prolactin
Breasts
Together with other hormones, prolactin stimulates the breasts to produce milk.
It is also found in women who aren’t pregnant. Men also have prolactin, but its function is not understood well.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Thyroid gland
TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce its own hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
These hormones help to control many bodily functions, including heart rate, temperature and metabolism.

The posterior pituitary makes and releases just two hormones
Hormone released
Main target
Function
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Kidneys
Decreases urine production. (It causes more water filtered by the kidneys to be returned to the blood. This decreases the amount of urine.)
ADH also causes a rise in blood pressure.
Oxytocin
Breasts and uterus
Stimulates contraction of the uterus (womb) during childbirth. Helps breasts to release milk.



ACTH


 








ADH ou hormona antidiuretica  ou vasopressina( Lobo posterior)

Hormona do crescimento ( somatropina ou GH)

FSH ( Hormona estimulante dos foliculos)


LH( hormona luteinizante)



















MSH ( hormona melanotropica ou estimuladora dos melanocitos)


Ocitocina (Lobo posterior)

Prolactina










~



TSH ( hormona estimulante da tiroide)




Iodine + Tyrosine=T3 and T4.









/hypothalamus secretes TRH, Pituitary secretes TSH, Thyroid secretes T3 and T4.














Informação especializada

Acromegalia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acromegaly

Acromegaly facial features.JPEG
Facial aspect of a patient with acromegaly. The nose is widened and thickened, the cheekbones are obvious, the forehead bulges, the lips are thick and the facial lines are marked. The forehead and overlying skin is thickened, sometimes leading to frontal bossing.



Compared with the hand of a typical person (left), the hand of a patient with acromegaly (right) is enlarged, with fingers that are widened, thickened and stubby, and with thicker soft tissue

   
Lower jaw showing the classic spacing of teeth due to acromegaly

  


Adenoma hipofisario

Carcinomas da hipofise

Craneofaringeoma

Cushing
Multiple wide striae on the abdomen of a patient with Cushing's disease




Drawing of the brain and adrenal glands within an outline of a male torso. The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, and kidneys are labeled. Arrows show the effect of CRH on ACTH and the effect of ACTH on cortisol.



Deficiencia na hormona de crescimento

Diabetes insipida

Galactorreia

Gigantismo
Enlargement of the feet due to pituitary hyperfunction


Hiperprolactinemia

Hipopituitarism

Kallmann

Lobo posterior da hipofise ectopico

Nelson

Prolactinoma

Sela vazia

Sheehan

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Object name is IJEM-15-203-g001.jpg


Sindroma de secreçao inadequada de hormona antidiuretica (SIADH)

Tratamento de substituiçao com STH

Tumores funcionantes da hipofise
Acromegalia
Cushing
Gigantismo
Prolactinoma
Tumor estimulante sa TSH

Tumores não funcionantes da hipofise
Adenoma da hipofise
Craneofaringeoma

Tumor estimulante da TSH  tirotropinoma)

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