Hipofise

HIPOFISE

Informaçoes gerais

Directorios

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/pituitarydisorders.html

http://pituitary.mgh.harvard.edu/LnksPit.htm

Textos

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK27/

http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/index.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituitary_gland

 

http://www.rickrichards.com/chakras/Chakras1c.html

http://www.yourhormones.info/glands/pituitary_gland.aspx

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/pituitary-gland-disorders/overview-of-the-pituitary-gland

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/anatomyvideos/000099.htm

http://patient.info/health/the-pituitary-gland

 

Lobo posterior da hipofise

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_pituitary

 

https://www.boundless.com/physiology/textbooks/boundless-anatomy-and-physiology-textbook/the-endocrine-system-16/the-pituitary-gland-155/the-posterior-pituitary-787-9333/

http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s4/chapter02.html~

http://www.rnceus.com/hormone/postpit.html

Fisiologia da hipofise

http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/index.html

http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/anatomy.html

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/518323_3

http://www.slideshare.net/Haddies/pituitary-gland

https://en.wikivet.net/Pituitary_Gland_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology

http://physrev.physiology.org/content/92/1/1

 

http://discovery.lifemapsc.com/library/review-of-medical-embryology/chapter-178-role-of-the-hypophysis-pituitary-gland-physiology-and-pathology

https://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/pituitary-gland-tumour/anatomy-and-physiology/?region=on

Hormonas da hipofise

http://patient.info/health/the-pituitary-gland

Hormone released	Main target	Function
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)	Adrenal glands	Stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. Cortisol is important in controlling your metabolism, blood sugar levels and blood pressure. It is also an anti-inflammatory agent, and helps your body to resist certain stresses such as bleeding or fasting.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)	Ovaries (women) Testes (men)	Stimulates the ovaries to produce an ovum (egg) for fertilisation. Also causes an increase in the hormone oestrogen. Stimulates the testes to produce sperm.
Growth hormone (GH)	Many different cells of the body	The most well-known effect in children is to increase height. In adults and children it helps to control the amount of muscle and fat in the body. It also helps to heal injuries and it promotes your immune system.
Luteinising hormone (LH)	Ovaries (women) Testes (men)	Triggers ovulation - the release of what will become an ovum (egg) ready for fertilisation. Stimulates cells in the testes to produce testosterone
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)	Brain?	The exact role in humans is unknown. It may influence brain activity; when too much is present, it may cause darkening of the skin.
Prolactin	Breasts	Together with other hormones, prolactin stimulates the breasts to produce milk. It is also found in women who aren’t pregnant. Men also have prolactin, but its function is not understood well.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)	Thyroid gland	TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce its own hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). These hormones help to control many bodily functions, including heart rate, temperature and metabolism.

The posterior pituitary makes and releases just two hormones
Hormone released		Main target	Function
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)		Kidneys	Decreases urine production. (It causes more water filtered by the kidneys to be returned to the blood. This decreases the amount of urine.) ADH also causes a rise in blood pressure.
Oxytocin		Breasts and uterus	Stimulates contraction of the uterus (womb) during childbirth. Helps breasts to release milk.

ACTH

http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/acth.html

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenocorticotropic_hormone

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003695.htm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003696.htm

http://www.webmd.com/children/adrenocorticotropic-hormone

http://www.healthline.com/health/acth#Overview1

http://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/8411

ADH ou hormona antidiuretica  ou vasopressina( Lobo posterior)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin

http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/antidiuretic_hormone.aspx

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003702.htm

http://www.healthline.com/health/adh#Overview1

http://www.abpischools.org.uk/page/modules/homeostasis_kidneys/kidneys6.cfm

http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/adh.html

https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/adh/tab/test/

http://www.anaesthesiamcq.com/FluidBook/fl5_6.php

Hormona do crescimento ( somatropina ou GH)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_hormone

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003706.htm

http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/human-growth-hormone-hgh

http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/growth_hormone.aspx

http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/healthy-aging/in-depth/growth-hormone/art-20045735

https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/growth-hormone/tab/test/

FSH ( Hormona estimulante dos foliculos)

http://www.webmd.com/women/follicle-stimulating-hormone

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003710.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follicle-stimulating_hormone

http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/follicle_stimulating_hormone.aspx

http://www.healthline.com/health/fsh#Results7

http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/follicle-stimulating-hormone-and-luteinizing-hormone-intramuscular-route-subcutaneous-route/description/drg-20062932

http://www.advancedfertility.com/day3fsh.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/118810-overview

http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/medical/blood_test_fsh.html

LH( hormona luteinizante)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luteinizing_hormone

http://www.webmd.com/women/luteinizing-hormone

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/medlineplus.html

http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/luteinising_hormone.aspx

http://www.healthline.com/health/lh-blood-test#Overview1

https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/lh/tab/test/

http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/lhfsh.html

MSH ( hormona melanotropica ou estimuladora dos melanocitos)

http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/M/MSH.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanocyte-stimulating_hormone

http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/melanocytestimulating_hormone.aspx

http://www.dopinglinkki.fi/en/info-bank/doping-substances/melanocyte-stimulating-hormone-msh-and-its-derivatives

http://www.clinuvel.com/en/scenesse/scenesses-mechanism-of-action/alpha-melanocyte-stimulating-hormone-alpha-msh

Ocitocina (Lobo posterior)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxytocin

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/275795.php

http://psychcentral.com/lib/about-oxytocin/

http://www.drugs.com/cdi/oxytocin.html

http://www.apa.org/monitor/feb08/oxytocin.aspx

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a682685.html

Prolactina

http://www.yourhormones.info/Hormones/Prolactin.aspx

http://www.healthline.com/health/prolactin#Overview1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolactin

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003718.htm

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/prolactin-15129

https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/prolactin/tab/test/

http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/medical/test_prolactin.html

http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/prolactin.html

~



TSH ( hormona estimulante da tiroide)

http://www.webmd.com/women/thyroid-stimulating-hormone-tsh

https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/tsh/tab/test/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid-stimulating_hormone

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003684.htm

http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/medical/test_tsh.html

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/thyroid/how-your-thyroid-works

Informação especializada

Acromegalia

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000704.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acromegaly


Facial aspect of a patient with acromegaly. The nose is widened and thickened, the cheekbones are obvious, the forehead bulges, the lips are thick and the facial lines are marked. The forehead and overlying skin is thickened, sometimes leading to frontal bossing.

Compared with the hand of a typical person (left), the hand of a patient with acromegaly (right) is enlarged, with fingers that are widened, thickened and stubby, and with thicker soft tissue

   

Lower jaw showing the classic spacing of teeth due to acromegaly

  

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/acromegaly/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acromegaly/basics/definition/con-20019216

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/925446-overview

http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/acromegaly/Pages/Introduction.aspx

http://patient.info/doctor/acromegaly-pro

Adenoma hipofisario

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituitary_adenoma

http://pituitary.ucla.edu/body.cfm?id=47

http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/centers_clinics/pituitary_center/pituitary-tumor/types/pituitary-adenoma.html

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pituitary-tumors/basics/definition/con-20028814

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-adenoma

Carcinomas da hipofise

http://press.endocrine.org/doi/full/10.1210/jc.2004-2231

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277423/

http://www.hindawi.com/journals/crie/2012/645914/

http://www.myvmc.com/diseases/pituitary-gland-cancer-carcinoma-of-the-pituitary-gland/

Cirurgia da hipofise

http://teccir.blogspot.pt/2014/11/cirurgia.html

Craneofaringeoma

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000345.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1157758-overview

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniopharyngioma#Diagnosis

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/craniopharyngioma

http://www.cancer.gov/types/brain/patient/child-cranio-treatment-pdq#section/_1

http://www.abta.org/brain-tumor-information/types-of-tumors/craniopharyngioma.html

http://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/craniopharyngioma-childhood

https://pituitary.org/knowledge-base/disorders/craniopharyngioma

http://pituitary.ucla.edu/body.cfm?id=60

http://neurosurgery.ucla.edu/body.cfm?id=135

Cushing

http://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0901/p1119.html

Multiple wide striae on the abdomen of a patient with Cushing's disease

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/cushings-syndrome/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx

http://pituitary.mgh.harvard.edu/cushings.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cushing%27s_disease

http://www.lumen.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/medicine/endonew/adrenal/adrenal.htm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000348.htm

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cushing-syndrome/basics/symptoms/con-20032115

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/cushing-syndrome

http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Cushings-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/117365-overview

http://www.healthline.com/health/cushing-syndrome#Overview1

Deficiencia na hormona de crescimento

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001176.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_hormone_deficiency

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/growth_hormone_deficiency/article_em.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/923688-overview

https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/growth-hormone-deficiency/

http://www.healthline.com/health/growth-hormone-deficiency#Overview1

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/growth-disorders/growth-hormone-deficiency-symptoms

http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/growth-disorders/growth-hormone-deficiency-basics

Diabetes insipida

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000377.htm

http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/diabetes-insipidus-di/Pages/facts.aspx

http://www.medicinenet.com/diabetes_insipidus/article.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_insipidus

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/117648-overview

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes-insipidus/basics/definition/con-20026841

http://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/what-is-diabetes-insipidus

http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Diabetes-insipidus/Pages/Introduction.aspx

http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/pituitary-gland-disorders/central-diabetes-insipidus

Galactorreia

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/galactorrhea/basics/causes/con-20025628

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactorrhea

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/pituitary-disorders/galactorrhea

http://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0601/p1073.html

http://www.aafp.org/afp/2004/0801/p543.html

http://www.msdmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/pituitary-gland-disorders/galactorrhea

Gigantismo

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigantism

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001174.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/925446-overview

http://www.localhealth.com/article/gigantism

http://www.healthline.com/health/gigantism#Overview1

http://pituitary.ucla.edu/body.cfm?id=83

http://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine_conditions/gigantism.aspx

Enlargement of the feet due to pituitary hyperfunction

Hiperprolactinemia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperprolactinaemia

http://www.cmaj.ca/content/169/6/575.full

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/h/hyperprolactinemia/intro.htm

Hipopituitarism

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000343.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypopituitarism

http://press.endocrine.org/doi/full/10.1210/er.2001-0030

http://www.eje-online.org/content/157/suppl_1/S3.full

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/hypopituitarism_in_children/article_em.htm

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/hypopituitary/article_em.htm

http://www.hormone.org/diseases-and-conditions/pituitary/hypopituitarism

Kallmann

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kallmann_syndrome

http://www.hypohh.net/

http://omim.org/entry/308700

http://rarediseases.about.com/od/rarediseasesk/a/kallmann.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/122824-overview

http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/kallmann-syndrome

Lobo posterior da hipofise ectopico

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ectopic-posterior-pituitary

http://www.ajnr.org/content/23/9/1475.full

http://www.ajnr.org/content/28/2/198a.full

http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/radiol.2432040385

http://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajs/article/viewFile/96906/86219

http://www.medlink.com/medlinkcontent.asp

Nelson

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson%27s_syndrome

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/923425-overview

http://patient.info/doctor/nelsons-syndrome

http://pituitary.ucla.edu/body.cfm?id=53

http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/nelson-syndrome/

http://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine_conditions/nelsons_syndrome.aspx

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0004-27302007000800026&script=sci_arttext

Prolactinoma

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/124634-overview

http://patient.info/doctor/nelsons-syndrome

http://pituitary.mgh.harvard.edu/prolacti.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolactinoma

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prolactinoma/basics/definition/con-20028094

http://www.medicinenet.com/prolactinoma/article.htm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000336.htm

Sela vazia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_sella_syndrome

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000349.htm

http://www.thamburaj.com/empty_sella.htm

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/e/empty_sella_syndrome/intro.htm

https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/empty-sella-syndrome/

http://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine_conditions/empty_sella_syndrome.aspx

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/empty-sella

Sheehan

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sheehans-syndrome/basics/definition/con-20029870

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheehan%27s_syndrome

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/127650-overview

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001175.htm

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/s/sheehan_syndrome/intro.htm

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3183525/

http://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine_conditions/sheehans_syndrome.aspx

https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/sheehan-syndrome/

http://www.jabfm.org/content/14/5/389.full.pdf

http://www.hindawi.com/journals/crim/2012/271345/

http://gynaeonline.com/sheehans_syndrome.htm

Sindroma de secreçao inadequada de hormona antidiuretica (SIADH)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndrome_of_inappropriate_antidiuretic_hormone_secretion

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/246650-overview

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/s/siadh/basics.htm

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3183532/

http://www.drugs.com/cg/syndrome-of-inappropriate-antidiuretic-hormone-secretion.html

http://www.healthline.com/health/syndrome-of-inappropriate-antidiuretic-hormone#Causes3

http://campus.educadium.com/ACS/file.php/1/Reference_Index/Syndrome_of_Inappropriate_Antidiuretic_Hormone_Secretion.pdf

Tratamento de substituiçao com STH

http://www.benbest.com/nutrceut/GH_IGF1.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_hormone_treatment

https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta64

https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta188

http://www.nutropin.com/hcp/#

Tumores funcionantes da hipofise

Acromegalia

Cushing

Gigantismo

Prolactinoma

Tumor estimulante sa TSH

Tumores não funcionantes da hipofise

Adenoma da hipofise

Craneofaringeoma

Tumor estimulante da TSH  tirotropinoma)

http://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine_conditions/tshsecreting_pituitary_adenoma.aspx

http://www.thebarrow.org/Neurological_Services/Pituitary_Center/220180

http://pituitary.ucla.edu/body.cfm?id=51

http://www.uptodate.com/contents/thyrotropin-tsh-secreting-pituitary-adenomas

http://www.thyroid.org/patient-thyroid-information/ct-for-patients/vol-7-issue-6/vol-7-issue-6-p-7-8/

Turner

http://wrebpediatria.blogspot.pt/2013/11/crescimento-textos-httpwww.html